Metal elements in tissue with dental peri-implantitis: a pilot study.
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Link: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26508041
Clin Oral Implants Res. 2016 Sep;27(9):1178-86. doi: 10.1111/clr.12718. Epub 2015 Oct 27.
Fretwurst T1, Buzanich G2, Nahles S3, Woelber JP4, Riesemeier H2, Nelson K1.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES:
Dental peri-implantitis is characterized by a multifactorial etiology. The role of metal elements as an etiological factor for peri-implantitis is still unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the incidence of metal elements in bone and mucosal tissues around dental Grade 4 CP titanium implants with signs of peri-implantitis in human patients.
METHODS:
In this prospective pilot study, all patients were enrolled consecutively in two study centers. Bone and soft tissue samples of patients with peri-implantitis with indication for explantation were analyzed for the incidence of different elements (Ca, P, Ti, Fe) by means of synchrotron radiation X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (SRXRF) and polarized light microscopy (PLM). The existence of macrophages and lymphocytes in the histologic specimens was analyzed.
RESULTS:
Biopsies of 12 patients (seven bone samples, five mucosal samples) were included and analyzed. In nine of the 12 samples (75%), the SRXRF examination revealed the existence of titanium (Ti) and an associated occurrence with Iron (Fe). Metal particles were detected in peri-implant soft tissue using PLM. In samples with increased titanium concentration, lymphocytes were detected, whereas M1 macrophages were predominantly seen in samples with metal particles.
CONCLUSION:
Titanium and Iron elements were found in soft and hard tissue biopsies retrieved from peri-implantitis sites. Further histologic and immunohistochemical studies need to clarify which specific immune reaction metal elements/particles induce in dental peri-implant tissue.
KEYWORDS:
PLM; metal elements; peri-implantitis; synchrotron radiation X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy; titanium
PMID: 26508041 DOI: 10.1111/clr.12718
